This study focuses on the design and optimization of a dual-band triangular microstrip antenna for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) applications, aimed at enhancing radar capabilities. SAR systems require antennas with specific characteristics to achieve high-resolution imaging and accurate target detection. The proposed antenna design offers dual-band operation, allowing for flexibility in frequency selection and bandwidth utilization. Through rigorous optimization techniques, including simulation-based analysis and parameter tuning, the antenna achieves desired performance metrics such as bandwidth, radiation pattern, and impedance matching. The proposed antenna design holds promise for advancing radar capabilities in SAR applications, enabling improved imaging quality and target identification in various operational scenarios.

This study conducts a comprehensive water quality assessment in Batala City, focusing on the exploration of physico-chemical parameters for environmental health. Water quality is a critical aspect of public health and environmental sustainability, particularly in urban areas like Batala City facing increasing industrialization and urbanization. The research investigates various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and heavy metal concentrations in water samples collected from different sources within the city. Through rigorous analysis and comparison with regulatory standards, the study aims to identify potential sources of contamination, assess the overall quality of water resources, and evaluate the potential health risks associated with water consumption. Insights from the assessment offer valuable guidance for policymakers, environmental agencies, and public health authorities in implementing targeted interventions and mitigation measures to safeguard water quality and protect community health in Batala City.